Parabolic Velocity

in astronomy, the velocity a body would need to make a parabola about the centre of attraction (also called ESCAPE VELOCITY).

Taken from Dictionary of Science

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The velocity which an object at a given point would require in order to describe a parabola about the center of attraction. This is also the escape velocity since it is the upper limit of velocity on a closed curve. It is obtained by multiplying the velocity of an object moving in a circular orbit by the square root of 2 (approx. 1.414). For example, if the Earth's mean velocity around the Sun of 29.8 km/sec. (18.5 miles/sec.), in a near circular orbit, were increased to 42 km/sec. (26 miles/sec.), the Earth would move to a parabolic path and escape from the solar system.

Taken from The Internet ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SCIENCE

Breaking Out

Being in show business for 20 years, it was inevitable that Judy Ann reach a point where she would start feeling tired and burned out. That feeling led her down a different path and helped her discover her other passion: her passion for cooking.

The first person she told about it was her fiance, Ryan Agoncillo. They were in Davao, and Judy Ann was sitting at a table, drinking by herself and waiting for Ryan to wrap up his duties as host of Philippine Idol, which was having its regional auditions. Suddenly, Judy Ann started talking about wanting to break out of the rut she was in. Acting had become routine. On most days, she felt like she was coasting along, going from one project to another. She needed a fresh burst of inspiration. "[Sabi ko], 'I want to study, I want to do something aside from acting. I want to divert my attention to something else."

Cooking was something she had always loved. She would often invite friends over to sample her cooking. When she was a child, one of her favorite pastimes was bahay-bahayan; Judy Ann would set up bottles and cans and pretend to cook in a little spot she had chosen for herself beside a warehouse on their property in Antipolo. Those were some of the most blissful days of her childhood. "May lugar ako dun sa tabi ng bodega namin sa bahay. Meron akong arina, may patis, may toyo--may set-up lang ako doon, may little hideout ako, tapos magluluto-luto ako ng dahon."

Cooking school was the answer. But aside from wanting to break out of a rut, she went into cooking to prove a point. Judy Ann never finished college, and that is still one of her biggest frustrations in life. But it wasn't because she didn't want to. At the time, Judy Ann was still not sure about what she wanted to take up in college--Hotel and Restaurant Management, Tourism or Early Childhood Education. "Naisip ko na parang kung pinush ko ang sarili ko na mag-college na hindi ko alam yung course na gusto kong kunin, nagsasayang lang ako ng pera," she offers. "Ako naman kasi ang nagpapaaral sa sarili ko. I cannot afford to go to college, and then find out one day na hindi ko pala gusto yung course ko, sayang naman ang pera, di ba?"

Enrolling in cooking school was her way of squaring the equation. It was also something she was sure she wanted to do; in fact, at that point, she needed to do it. It wasn't a four-year college degree, but at least she would have something to show for herself and prove that showbiz people could do other things besides act. "Gusto ko talaga maging chef. Na-realize ko na marami pa pala akong kayang gawin. Gusto ko lang patunayan sa mga tao na ang mga artista, hindi naman talaga pag-arte lang ang kayang gawin. Ayoko namang nakatunganga sa bahay kasi pag-aartista lang 'yung alam ko, eh wala naman akong natapos."

Once she was set, she started to look for culinary schools. She told her manager Alfie Lorenzo about her plans and asked for permission to lie low on her showbiz commitments. "I had to make a decision. I had to stop working for a while and do this culinary thing para ma-inspire ako ulit at ma-miss ko ang trabaho, na ginawa ko naman. Nagpaalam ako ng three months kay Tito Alfie. Naintindihan naman niya. May konting talak, pero naintindihan niya."

Judy Ann also had to convince herself that the expense would be worth it. "Matagal ko na gustong mag-culinary, hindi ko lang magawa kasi ang mahal. Nag-research ako ng school, eh parang nasasayangan ako sa pera. Sabi nga ni Ryan, bakit ako masasayangan sa pera, eh kung dun naman ako masaya. 'Mababawi mo rin 'yan in the long run kapag naka-graduate ka na.'"

She enrolled at the Center for Asian Culinary Studies and took a Basic and Advanced Cooking Skills course under Chef Gene Gonzales for four months. She received medals for both courses; a silver for the Basic course, and a gold for the Advanced. Now she is saving up to train abroad so she can be certified as a professional chef. Although she closed down her Café Kilimanjaro and Café Karabana, she will still be doing a lot of cooking in their brand-new kitchen once she and Ryan get married.

Taken from Starstudio magazine: Judy Ann Santos special issue

Parabola

a plane curve traced out by a point moving so that its distance from a fixed point (focus) is equal to its perpendicular distance from a fixed straight line (directrix). It is also the curve made by cutting a cone with a flat plane that is parallel to the side of the cone that slopes. Mirrors with a parabolic shape are used in searchlights and telescopes because incoming parallel rays of light are reflectd onto the focus. This property is used in a telescope, and thus the reverse applies in searchlights.

Taken from Dictionary of Science

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In mathematics, the parabola (pronounced /pəˈræbələ/, from the Greek παραβολή) is a conic section, the intersection of a right circular conical surface and a plane parallel to a generating straight line of that surface. Given a point (the focus) and a corresponding line (the directrix) on the plane, the locus of points in that plane that are equidistant from them is a parabola.

The parabola has many important applications, from automobile headlight reflectors to the design of ballistic missiles. They are frequently used in physics, engineering, and many other areas.

Taken from Wikipedia

Vacuum Distillation

distillation performed under reduced pressure. Since a reduction in pressure also reduces the boiling point of substances it means that certain substances which at normal pressures would decompose (break down), can be distilled.

Taken from Dictionary of Science

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Vacuum distillation is a method of distillation whereby the pressure above the liquid mixture to be distilled is reduced to less than its vapor pressure (usually less than atmospheric pressure) causing evaporation of the most volatile liquid(s) (those with the lowest boiling points). This distillation method works on the principle that boiling occurs when the vapor pressure of a liquid exceeds the ambient pressure. Vacuum distillation is used with or without heating the solution.

Taken from Wikipedia

Kaolinization

the high temperature hydrothermal alteration and breakdown of FELDSPARS to form KAOLINITE. The process can proceed in granites to the point where the rock literally falls apart and the only recognizable, original mineral is quartz.

Taken from Dictionary of Science

Fahrenheit

(F) a temperature scale, devised by the German physicist Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686-1736), that set the freezing point of water at 32º and the boiling point at 212º. Fahrenheit temperatures can be converted to CELSIUS by the equation F = 1.8C + 32.

Taken from Dictionary of Science

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Fahrenheit is the temperature scale proposed in 1724 by, and named after, the physicist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686–1736). Today, the temperature scale has been replaced by the Celsius scale in most countries. It is still in use for non-scientific purposes in the United States and a few other nations, such as Belize.

Taken from Wikipedia

Nadir

the lowest point -- the pole which is vertically below the observer in the CELESTIAL SPHERE. It is opposite to the ZENITH.

Taken from Dictionary of Science

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The nadir (from Arabic نظير nathir, "opposite") is the direction pointing directly below a particular location; that is, it is one of two vertical directions at the location, orthogonal to a horizontal flat surface there. Since the concept of being below is itself somewhat vague, scientists define the nadir in more rigorous terms. Specifically, in astronomy, geophysics and related sciences (e.g., meteorology), the nadir at a given point is the local vertical direction pointing in the direction of the force of gravity at that location. The direction opposite of the nadir is the zenith.

Nadir also refers to the downward-facing viewing geometry of an orbiting satellite, such as is employed during remote sensing of the atmosphere, as well as when an astronaut faces the Earth while performing an EVA.

The word is also used figuratively to mean the lowest point of a person's spirits.

The term nadir can also be used to represent the lowest point reached by a celestial body during its apparent orbit around a given point of observation. This can be used to describe the location of the Sun, but it is only technically accurate for one latitude at a time and only possible at the low latitudes. The sun is said to be at the nadir at a location when it is at the zenith at the location's antipode.

Taken from Wikipedia

Earthquake

the often violent movement of the earth along a fault or fault zone due to tectonic upheaval caused by the sudden release of stress that has built up over some time. The focus is the point at which the earthquake originates within the earth and earthquakes are classified by depth of focus: shallow -- less than 70 km; intermediate -- 70-300 km; deep -- more than 300 km. Attempts to predict earthquakes rely upon measurement of stress increases, but can so far be related only to an increasing risk of activity.

Taken from Dictionary of Science

Abscissa

the term given to the horizontal or x-co-ordinate when describing the position of a point on a graph. It is the distance of the point from the vertical or y-axis. For example, a point two units along the x-axis and three units up the y-axis is said to have CARTESIAN CO-ORDINATES (2,3) where the abscissa is 2.

Taken from Dictionary of Science

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In mathematics, abscissa (plural abscissae) refers to the first element of an ordered pair.

It is the first of the two terms (x, y) by which a point is referred to, in a system of fixed rectilinear coordinate (Cartesian coordinate) axes. The abscissa is also known as the "x" coordinate of a point. The second coordinate, or "y" coordinate, is called the ordinate.

Taken from Wikipedia

Zenith

the highest point over head -- the pole which is vertically above the observer with the latter in the centre of the horizon circle. Zenith is opposite to the NADIR in the CELESTIAL SPHERE.

Taken from Dictionary of Science

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In general terms, the zenith is the direction pointing directly "above" a particular location; that is, it is one of two vertical directions at the location, orthogonal to a horizontal flat surface there. The concept of "above" is more specifically defined in astronomy, geophysics and related sciences (e.g., meteorology) as the vertical direction opposite to the net gravitational force at a given location. The opposite direction, i.e. the direction of the gravitational force is called the nadir. The term zenith also refers to the highest point reached by a celestial body during its apparent orbit around a given point of observation. This sense of the word is often used to describe the location of the Sun, but it is only technically accurate for one latitude at a time and only possible at the low latitudes.

Strictly speaking, the zenith is only approximately contained in the local meridian plane because the latter is defined in terms of the rotational characteristics of the celestial body, not in terms of its gravitational field. The two coincide only for a perfectly rotationally symmetric body. On Earth, the axis of rotation is not fixed with respect to the planet (for example due to constant displacements of its fluid components) so that the local vertical direction, as defined by the gravity field, is itself changing direction in time (for instance due to lunar and solar tides).

Taken from Wikipedia

Aberration

is what happens in physics when a lens (or curved mirror) does not produce a true image. It is caused by the light rays from any point on the object being viewed forming an image (focusing) at slightly different positions. In astronomy, aberration refers to the apparent change in position of a star. This is due to the fixed speed of light travelling from the star and the movement of the person looking at the star, because the Earth is moving in its orbit.

Taken from Dictionary of Science