the speed of a body expressed as a ratio with the SPEED OF SOUND. Mach I is sonic speed, and thus below I is subsonic and above I is supersonic.
Taken from Dictionary of Science
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Mach number (Ma or M) (generally pronounced /ˈmɑːk/, sometimes /ˈmɑːx/ or /ˈmæk/) is the speed of an object moving through air, or any fluid substance, divided by the speed of sound as it is in that substance. It is commonly used to represent an object's (such as an aircraft or missile) speed, when it is travelling at (or at multiples of) the speed of sound.
where
- is the Mach number
- is the speed of the source (the object relative to the medium) and
- is the speed of sound in the medium
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